Viral season is not a good time to get pregnant
The Chinese New Year is supposed to be a time of reunion and celebration, but a covid-19 outbreak has disrupted people's normal pace of life.
Is this a good time to have a baby for couples who are trying to get pregnant during the extended holiday season?
The reporter of China women's news · China women's net interviewed professor bian wenhui, director of department of gynaecology of hebei hospital of traditional Chinese medicine at this point, she very affirmation answer: "not!"
Bian wen will say, now we have a strong sense of good birth and good breeding, as the saying goes, "can't let the child lose at the starting line", what is the starting line?
"The first three months of the union are the starting point for the future child."
As a fertilized egg evolves from a cell to a human being, the quality of the parents' sperm and eggs, the mother's physical condition, mental state and living environment after pregnancy will all influence the physical health of the future child, bian will explain.
Therefore, it is very important to choose an appropriate time to conceive.
What are some of the risk factors associated with covid-19?
Bian wenhui pointed out that, first of all, in the spiritual aspect, the epidemic is a big event for everyone, and many people are in a state of fear, nervousness and even confusion.
People stay at home, most of the people's work and rest is disorder, relaxation, life led to physical decline is inevitable.
In terms of diet, bian wen will point out that the long holiday home, almost every family is a big fish and big meat, eat sleep sleep.
Too much food is too thick be bored with adverse to the function of the spleen and stomach, the function of the spleen and stomach is bad, how can the body be good again?
On the other hand, fresh vegetables in winter are already relatively inadequate, and it is not convenient to go out to buy vegetables in unusual times, which leads to the lack of vegetables, incomplete diet and unavoidably nutritional imbalance.
As for environmental factors, the air quality in many places during the Spring Festival is poor and the smog is heavy. According to the meteorological department, the air pollution during this year's Spring Festival is particularly serious. "severe air pollution is by no means the best time to get pregnant," it said.
Side will say
What's more, it's not good to go to the hospital for an early checkup if you're pregnant now, bian said.
"At the moment of the epidemic, once you get pregnant, you have to go to the hospital for a regular pregnancy test, which is often the most dangerous place.
If you can't do the pregnancy test on time, it will lead to an increase in accidents.
If a pregnant woman becomes infected with covid-19, the consequences are even worse."
Bian wen will remind you that at present, I hope newlyweds can keep a happy mood, exercise their bodies and make adequate preparations before pregnancy. It is more appropriate to wait for the epidemic to pass and the warm spring flowers to bloom before giving birth to a new life.
Promising Development: Two New Cancer Vaccines for Lung Cancer Patients
In China, lung cancer has the highest morbidity and mortality, which can be said to be a kind of disease that seriously endangers people's health.Is lung cancer that difficult to cure?
There are a lot of patients with advanced non-small lung cancer abroad. Through CIMAvax vaccine inoculation, it is found that the tumor is getting smaller and smaller and the life is getting better and better.
What is the CIMAvax vaccine?
After more than a decade of development, Cuban molecular immunization experts finally developed the world's first therapeutic vaccine against non-small cell lung cancer, CIMAvax, in 1999.
Subsequently, CIMAvax lung cancer vaccine was launched in Cuba, venezuela, Peru, Paraguay, Colombia and other countries.In 2012, Cuba successfully developed a second lung cancer vaccine, Vaxira.This makes Cuba the only country in the world to have two lung cancer vaccines.
Clinically, the majority of lung cancer patients with lung cancer vaccine can achieve good results, more than half of the cases showed a reduction in tumor, and increased antibodies.
CIMAvax lung cancer vaccine, in fact, is not our traditional sense of the vaccine, it is a therapeutic vaccine, that is, for patients with confirmed lung cancer injection vaccination, can not prevent cancer, but can greatly extend the survival time of patients, improve the quality of life of patients.
What's so amazing about CIMAvax?
The growth of lung cancer cells depends on a substance called epidermal growth factor. CIMAvax is a vaccine made up of two proteins, epidermal growth factor and P64K.Once injected into the body, it stimulates the immune system of patients with non-small cell lung cancer to produce antibodies.Antibodies clear the body of epidermal growth factor (egf), causing lung cancer cells to lose nutrients and become "hungry", unable to proliferate and eventually die.
Normal cells also need epidermal growth factor for growth, but it's not the only one, so without this protein, normal cells can survive.So the vaccine has fewer side effects.
CIMAvax clinical
The 2008 CIMAvax study in the journal of clinical oncology included 80 patients with non-small cell lung cancer.The median survival time in the CIMAvax group was 11.6 months, compared with 5.3 months in the support group.In contrast, the CIMAvax group lived longer and had fewer side effects.
A multicenter, randomized Ⅲ period, 405 patients with clinical trials, all patients received platinum based chemotherapy (4 cycles) or less.Oxalibo (jiali) for injection is the third generation of platinum anticancer drug, which has better effect and fewer side effects than cisplatin and carboplatin.
405 patients were randomly assigned to receive the best supportive treatment or CimaVax vaccination.The experimental group (270 persons) received cyclophosphamide adjuvant therapy for 3 days after first-line chemotherapy, followed by immunotherapy once a month for 4 weeks.The control group (135) received optimal support therapy.The results showed that among the 405 patients with NSCLC, the median survival time was 12.4 months in the vaccine group and 9.4 months in the single supportive care group.
Treatment and precautions of CIMAvax
CIMAvax vaccine therapy for lung cancer is divided into two phases: induction phase and maintenance phase.
One course of treatment of CIMAvax vaccine for lung cancer is 10 vials of red and blue, equivalent to about 20,200 yuan.Two injections each time, one red and one blue vial each.The first four injections were given at 2 weeks, and the fifth injection was given one month after the last injection.That's 5 injections per course.
Patients who are allergic to CIMAvax should stop using it immediately.The most frequent adverse reactions that may occur are: local erythema or swelling;Body can appear blush, headache, chills, cramps, anorexia, nausea, fever, hot flashes, breathing difficulties.
Can CIMAvax only be used for lung cancer?
The role of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in lung cancer, especially non-small cell lung cancer, has been demonstrated.The CIMAvax vaccine, however, is not suitable for all people. It is effective only in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer, but not in patients with advanced lung cancer or brain metastases.
Egfr is also a target for cancers such as colorectal cancer, head and neck tumors, breast cancer, and thyroid cancer.If CIMAvax is improved in the future, it could be used to treat other cancers.
Is CIMAvax on the market in China?
There has been no follow-up to the phase 1 CimaVax trial conducted by the Chinese academy of medical sciences in 2013.But China has no trade restrictions.If non-small cell lung cancer patients in China want to be treated with the CIMAvax vaccine, they can go to Cuba to get it through the program.
Clinical trials of the CIMAvax vaccine were launched in the United States in 2018, but the clinical trials require extensive verification.Generally, it takes several years to get FDA approval before it can be marketed in the United States.
Overall, the CIMAvax vaccine has been used in many countries for many years as a new hope for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer patients.Although lung cancer can not be completely cured, but can greatly prolong the survival of patients, into a chronic disease, some patients can even achieve clinical cure.This is the progress of medical technology!
China Builds World’s Largest COVID-19 Vaccine Manufacturing Plant with 100 Million Doses Annual Capacity
Several countries around the world are focusing on novel coronavirus vaccines, a key to preventing future pandemics.The vaccine is not yet complete, but China electronics announced the completion of the world's largest novel coronavirus vaccine manufacturing plant with an annual capacity of up to 100 million doses.
China electronics co., LTD. (hereinafter referred to as CLP 4) announced the successful completion of the delivery of the first domestic P3 bio-pharmaceutical production workshop contracted by its subsidiary China electronic systems engineering fourth construction co., LTD. (hereinafter referred to as CLP 4), which is the world's largest novel coronavirus vaccine production workshop and can produce 100 million doses of vaccine per year after mass production.
According to the report, CLP four companies after the Spring Festival began to take on multiple domestic first whole virus inactivated seedlings high-level biosafety vaccine production workshop general contracting of construction, the construction of vaccine production workshop to fill the domestic blank of biological safety of the major disease prevention and control in the field of vaccine, 19 outbreak of COVID - drugs and vaccine research and development is of great significance.
In the novel coronavirus vaccine research and development, WHO announced that there are 8 vaccines entering the clinical trial phase, among which 4 are from Chinese companies, 3 are from the United States, and 1 is from the United Kingdom.Among the Chinese vaccines, sinovac's inactivated vaccine has released partial trial results, which show that the vaccine is safe and effective.
According to the website information, China electronic systems engineering fourth construction co., LTD. (CLP) four company was founded in 1953, belongs to CEC's China electronics technology co., LTD, is a focus on electronic information, biological, pharmaceutical, chemical, environmental protection, data center, in the field of automobile, new energy and other high-tech manufacturing engineering consulting, engineering design, engineering contracting, and facility management comprehensive engineering and technical services company.
Swedish Environmental Activist Donates $100,000 to COVID-19 Relief Efforts
A few days ago, Swedish environmental girl Greta Tengberg donated a total of US $ 100,000 from the Danish non-profit organization Human Action to UNICEF to protect children during the fight against the virus pandemic.
Comprehensive foreign media news, the Human Action Group dedicated to eliminating extreme poverty on a global scale awarded the money to Greta Tenberg, in recognition of her unremitting efforts in climate protection.
The organization also donated an additional US $ 100,000 for UNICEF activities to increase Temberg ’s donations. These funds will be used to provide food, health care, educational support and various other services as part of a wider UNICEF campaign to address the problems children face during the pandemic.
Greta Tenberg said in a statement, "Like the climate crisis, the coronavirus pandemic is a crisis of children ’s rights that will affect all children. Now and in the long run, vulnerable groups will be affected. The most serious impact. I ask everyone to stand up and join me in supporting the important work of UNICEF to save children ’s lives, protect health, and continue education. "
It is reported that through this campaign, UNICEF will also distribute basic hygiene products, including personal protective equipment and hygiene bags.
These efforts are part of the United Nations Global Humanitarian Response to Viruses, which seeks to raise $ 2 billion to control the virus and support affected communities.
The response plan includes a $ 350 million appeal for immediate logistics expansion so that United Nations agencies can distribute basic supplies around the world.
In particular, UNICEF provides school meals for children during school suspension, oversees a global learning platform, launches a campaign for a global ceasefire, and delivers medical supplies to low-income countries.
United Nations Children ’s Fund Executive Director Fore said, "This coronavirus pandemic is the worst fight in the world for generations. Children and young people are one of the people most affected by the 'COVID-19' chain effect , So it ’s natural for them to want to do something. "
Greta Tenberg said in a recent Earth Day video on YouTube, "Whether we like it or not, the world has changed, and the situation is completely different now than it was a few months ago. It may never be the same again. The same as before, we must choose a new way forward. "
Essential Information About Growth Hormone
As parents pay more and more attention to children's height, more and more parents are taking their children to test growth hormones in outpatient clinics, and a group of children with growth hormone deficiency have also been found. For children with growth hormone deficiency who want a satisfactory height increase, the only solution currently is to use growth hormones reasonably and in sufficient amounts. But once we heard that we need to use growth hormone, parents have retreated, and they are full of doubts. There are more than N problems. Today we will talk about the problem of growth hormone.
About growth hormone, read this article is enough
What is growth hormone?
Growth hormone is a natural hormone secreted by the body itself. It is a protein secreted by the anterior pituitary gland. Its main function is to promote bone and muscle growth, and also accelerate the burning of body fat. Human growth hormone secretion is affected by gender, season, and circadian rhythm. Generally, growth hormone is secreted most during sleep at night, and secreted during the day is reduced. The growth hormones we use in the clinic are all recombinant human growth hormones produced by gene synthesis, and their structure is exactly the same as the body's own secretion.
About growth hormone, read this article is enough
Can growth hormone only be injected?
Growth hormone is essentially a protein, so if it is administered orally, it will be decomposed and inactivated by the digestive juice of the digestive tract, so that it will not play a role in promoting growth. The subcutaneous injection of growth hormone is directly absorbed through the capillaries under the skin, and will not be affected by the digestive juice. It can still maintain its activity, so the growth hormones we currently use in clinic are all given by subcutaneous injection. Of course, with the development of drugs, there will be long-term growth hormone once a week or even once a month for clinical use, and there will also be continuously developed growth hormone inhaled through the nasal cavity.
About growth hormone, read this article is enough
How to judge a child's growth hormone deficiency?
The secretion of growth hormone in the human body exhibits pulsed secretion, that is to say, similar to the wave-like secretion, there are peaks (secretion peaks) and troughs (secretion troughs). The difference between the troughs may be tens or even hundreds of times, so it is impossible to judge whether the growth hormone is secreted more or less based on the value of a blood test in the morning. Therefore, it is necessary to make a judgment on the growth hormone provocation test of the child.
The principle of the so-called provocation test is to use some drugs to encourage the body to accelerate the secretion of growth hormone itself, so that the growth hormone secretion stimulated by the drug will have a certain rule according to the time of the action of the drug. Determine whether growth hormone is lacking. At present, the commonly used growth hormone challenge tests include hypoglycemia excitation test, clonidine challenge test, arginine challenge test and levodopa challenge test. Because any kind of challenge test will have a misjudgment of about 15%, it needs to be used. Two different excitation tests are used to verify.
If the highest value of growth hormone detected in the challenge test is ≥10 ng / mL, then the child's growth hormone secretion is completely normal; if the highest value is ≤5 ng / mL, then the child's growth hormone is completely lacking; Between 5 ~ 10 ng / mL, it means that the child's growth hormone is partially lacking. Growth hormone therapy is best used for children with complete or partial deficiency of growth hormone.
About growth hormone, read this article is enough
How to use growth hormone? How long will it take?
For children with growth hormone deficiency, the recommended dose of growth hormone is 0.1 to 0.15 U / kg body weight per day, and the calculated daily dose will be injected subcutaneously once a day. Because growth hormone is the peak secretion during sleep at night, the injection of growth hormone is also taken every night before going to bed.
From the perspective of pathogenesis, growth hormone should be used for children with growth hormone deficiency for a long time until the child's epiphysis is closed. But in fact, on the one hand, growth hormone drugs are currently more expensive, and the monthly cost is mostly 3,000 to 6,000 yuan. Some obese children even need 10,000 yuan per month; on the other hand, as the duration of continuous injections increases, The role of growth hormone in promoting height growth will gradually weaken, so in most cases, it is clinically recommended to use it continuously for 1 to 3 years. If you use it continuously for less than 1 year, you cannot fully see the effect of growth hormone on promoting height growth. After all, the growth cycle of the human bone itself also takes 3 to 4 months.
The age of initial growth hormone therapy is currently considered to be 5-7 years old. The main reason is that on the one hand, children under the age of 5 may not cooperate well with parents ’injections, and parents are also likely to interrupt injections because their children cry. Growth hormone must play a role in promoting height growth before the child's epiphysis closes, and as the child's age increases, the growth-promoting effect of growth hormone will weaken, that is to say, the effect of 7-year-old children for 3 consecutive years of growth hormone will definitely The effect of using it continuously for 3 years than a 10-year-old child. From this perspective, it also tells us that growth hormone deficiency should be diagnosed early and treated early, and early diagnosis depends on the parents' annual observation of the child's height growth.
About growth hormone, read this article is enough
What are the side effects of growth hormone?
Growth hormone is the only safe and effective drug approved by the US FDA for the treatment of short stature. After more than 30 years of extensive clinical observations, the European Society of Pediatric Endocrinology officially announced in 1993 that recombinant human growth hormone has very good safety in routine replacement therapy. The gene recombinant auxin currently in clinical use is exactly the same as the growth structure secreted by human pituitary, and the auxin produced by secretory expression technology is a product with higher quality and purity, which is safer and more effective. Various reports at home and abroad: There is no evidence to prove that the long-term use of recombinant human growth hormone will promote the risk of leukemia, brain tumor recurrence and diabetes. There is also no evidence to prove that when using human growth hormone during general medical diseases (such as colds, fever, diarrhea, etc.), the medicine must be discontinued.
Some parents react to the symptoms of itching, pain, fat hyperplasia, and fat atrophy caused by the injection of growth hormone in their children. This is related to parents not mastering the correct injection method, not strict skin disinfection, and inconvenient replacement of injection needles. A very small percentage of children will have increased liver function after starting growth hormone injection. This is because after starting growth hormone treatment, they will mobilize the child's own liver function to cooperate with the role of growth hormone, and it will generally recover automatically. If the liver function increases seriously It is necessary to use hepatoprotective drugs and conduct detailed inspections. Some children will have transient high blood sugar, which can be improved through a healthy diet and exercise. There are also a small number of children who will have transient hypothyroidism. If serious, you need to be treated with alternative drugs. Most of the above transient changes will gradually adapt after using growth hormone. Even if they cannot fully return to normal, they can be cured by a certain treatment. In addition, it is reported that children who use growth hormone will have subluxation of the femoral head, which is related to the increase of joint cavity fluid caused by growth hormone. It can be found and avoided early through regular follow-up inspection.
All in all, for children with growth hormone deficiency, early diagnosis, adequate use, and adherence to follow-up, so that the effective role of growth hormone can be fully exerted, and the child has an ideal height.
6 Foods to Avoid Giving Your Baby Before Bedtime
Before going to bed, it is best not to give your baby these 6 types of food, which affects the quality of sleep and is not good for development
High quality sleep is very important for babies. Because the baby's healthy growth, whether it is brain development or growth, is done in sleep.
It is often said that newborn babies change every day, and there are new changes every day. Why can newborn babies grow so fast? This is inseparable from the baby's sleep time. The rapid development of the baby's body requires the baby to sleep more. Only when sleeping, the secretion of growth hormone will be more vigorous, which is why newborn babies are almost sleeping moderately Cause.
In order for the baby to develop better, in addition to providing a good sleeping environment for the baby, it is also necessary to pay attention to the diet. Before the baby goes to bed, it is best not to give the baby 6 kinds of foods that affect the baby's sleep, do you know?
Flatulent food
In our daily diet, there are some flatulent foods, such as sweet potato, soy milk, corn, chestnut, etc., which are flatulent foods. Adults who eat too much of these foods will produce gas and make their stomachs uncomfortable. For babies whose stomach and intestines are not fully developed, they need to pay more attention to eating less of these foods, especially before going to bed at night, it is best not to eat flatulent foods. Otherwise, it will easily affect the quality of the baby's sleep. The baby's stomach is flat and uncomfortable. How can the quality of sleep be better?
If your baby can't sleep well, it will have a great impact on the baby's healthy development.
Sweets
Sweets such as cakes, ice cream, candy, etc. are foods that babies like to eat, but these foods are not suitable for babies to eat before going to bed, because these foods are high in sugar, and eating sweets before going to bed at night, the body cannot digest these sugars, It will accumulate in the body and form fat, causing the baby to be overweight, and the baby is obese, which is not a good thing. It is prone to a series of obesity diseases.
In addition, if the baby eats sweets before going to bed, it is also easy to affect the baby's teeth development and increase the chance of the baby having worm teeth. The baby's teeth are not good, how can the appetite be better?
High-calorie food
Although milk is good, it also needs to be distinguished. If it is high-calorie foods such as whole milk, it is best not to drink it for your baby before going to bed, because these foods have higher calories and will increase the baby ’s gastrointestinal digestion burden. When the baby is sleeping, the baby's stomach and intestines continue to work, which will affect the quality of the baby's sleep, and will also increase the baby's chance of being obese.
Therefore, in order to have a good sleep before the baby goes to bed, it is best not to give the baby high-calorie foods. If you want to drink a little milk to improve the baby's sleep quality, it is also best to drink low-fat milk or skim milk for the baby.
Calcium supplemented food
Most of the baby's height development occurs when the baby sleeps. Therefore, some parents may think that giving the baby some calcium supplements before the baby sleeps is more conducive to the baby's height development. Actually this is missed.
Because giving your baby a lot of calcium supplements before going to bed will not only increase the burden on the baby's kidneys, but also because calcium is easily broken down in the kidneys and urethra and form stones, which is not conducive to the baby's health.
Drinking too much
Babies may worry that if they do n’t drink water for a long time, they will be thirsty, and they may make the baby drink water before going to bed. However, this approach has great disadvantages. The first is that the baby drinks too much water before going to bed, it is easy to cause the baby to urinate more, and it is not easy to fall asleep again after wetting the bed at midnight, or after urinating. Thus affecting the quality of baby's sleep.
Therefore, before the baby goes to bed, it is best not to let the baby drink too much water. Instead, choose to give the baby an appropriate amount of water 1 hour before the baby goes to bed.
Salty snacks
For the baby, the diet should be light. If the food has too much salt, it will increase the burden on the baby's kidneys, which will affect the metabolism of the kidneys, which is not conducive to the healthy development of the baby's kidneys. It will also affect the quality of your baby's sleep.
Therefore, it is best not to give your baby too many snacks before going to bed. Therefore, in the diet, either the sugar content is too high or the salt content is too high, these are not conducive to the baby's healthy development, and will affect the baby's sleep Quality.
If you also have a baby in your family, before you go to bed, you must pay attention. Do n’t give your baby the above 6 foods that affect the quality of your baby ’s sleep. Have you taken the trick?
Growth Hormone Secretion Peaks at 9 PM: Why Children’s Sleep Schedules Matter
Most modern people are unconscious and sleeping for an extra hour will mean a healthier body and a better mental state. For children, sleeping for an extra hour also means they may grow taller.
Studies have shown that 70% of the child's height depends on the parents' genes and 30% depends on the acquired day. Among these 30% external factors, the effect of sleep on height is ranked first, beyond exercise and diet.
Most pupils
Go to bed from 9: 00-9: 30
Most junior high school students
Go to bed at 9: 30-10: 00
How is the sleep of primary and secondary school students?
Since last Friday, we have interviewed 20 students and parents one after another, including 10 elementary school students in grades 4-6, and 10 junior high school students from various primary and secondary schools in Hangzhou.
The micro survey results show that all 10 elementary school students go to bed at 9: 00-9: 30 in the evening and get up at 6: 30-7: 00 in the morning. Among them, 7 people went to bed at 9 pm and 3 people went to bed at 9:30 pm. The sleep time of primary school students is usually 9 to 9 and a half hours, and only one person reaches 10 hours.
Of the 10 junior high school students, the earliest went to bed at 9 pm, but only one. Most people go to bed from 9:30 pm to 10 pm. There is only one person who goes to bed after 10 pm. The bedtime is from 10:30 pm to 11:00 pm. The time to get up is 6:00 at the earliest and 7:00 at the latest. Most of them get up at 6:30. Most junior high school students sleep between 8 and 8 and a half hours, and only three of them reach 9 hours of sleep.
According to the "Guidelines for Health Education in Primary and Secondary Schools" issued by the Ministry of Education in 2008, it is recommended that primary school students sleep 10 hours a day and junior high school students sleep 9 hours a day. In this way, the sleep time of primary and secondary students is generally half To 1 hour.
The large amount of homework, the need to read extracurricular books, and parents believe that eight or nine hours of sleep is enough, which is the main reason for the lack of sleep time for primary and middle school students.
Growth and development experts stipulate that the son of elementary school must go to bed at 8 pm
Professor Fu Junfen is the deputy director of the Department of Endocrinology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Zhejiang University School of Medicine, and the subject leader of the key innovative discipline of medicine (adolescent medicine) in Zhejiang Province. She is a little over a meter tall. Her son (reading high school) is 176 cm tall.
Director Fu said that she had paid close attention to her son's sleep since she was a child. When she was in elementary school, she asked her son to go to bed at 8 pm, but not later than 8:30. Get up from 7am to 7:15 am.
When he was in junior high school, his son lived in school, and the lights went out at 8:30, and he fell asleep at almost 9:00. Get up at 7:15 in the morning.
On weekends, she never urges her son to get up, and he can get enough sleep. Sometimes the son can sleep until 11 noon. Today, his son is very strong and is the captain of the school football team.
In order not to affect his son's sleep time, Director Fu said that his son has never taken extra-curricular cram school since childhood, no matter whether it is normal or weekend. She said that once these tutoring classes are reported, the child's spare time will be reduced, which will naturally affect the night's sleep time. On the other hand, the children in the cram school will inevitably be stressed and anxious. Over time, the quality of sleep will be affected.
Sleep has become the first external factor affecting children's height
Why do growth and development experts value children's sleep time so much that they must go to bed before 8:30 in primary school?
This is because for today's children, sleep has become the most important external factor affecting their height.
Yang Ruiwen, director of the Physical Examination Center of the Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, said: "It used to be believed that 70% of the child's height is determined by heredity, but now, the role of acquired factors is becoming greater and greater, and diet, exercise, and sleep have even become The main reason. Especially sleep, among all external factors, the greatest impact on height. "
Yu Shaomiao, director of the Bone Age Research Center of the Sports Hospital of the Zhejiang Provincial Sports Bureau, also said: "In the past, exercise, sleep, and diet had the highest influence on height. But now, sleep has been recognized as the first influence The factors are, on the one hand, because studies at home and abroad have found that sleep time and sleep quality directly affect children's height; on the other hand, children are not short of nutrition now, and parents are paying more and more attention to exercise, but sleep alone is generally insufficient. "
From the perspective of Western medicine, Chief Physician Fu Junfen of Zhejiang Medical Pediatric Hospital said: "Growth hormone is an important factor affecting human height, and growth hormone is not secreted like other hormones of the human body during the day. , The more it is secreted, the more it will help growth. "
21: 00-1: 00 in the morning is the peak of growth hormone secretion, once the late sleep is missed, I can never make it back
Growth hormone is secreted by the human pituitary gland. The pituitary gland has a lot of work a day. In addition to secreting growth hormone, it also secretes sex hormones, adrenocorticotropic hormones and other hormones required by the human body. Because it is "too busy", it is not 24 hours. Secrete growth hormone.
But infancy is an exception. During infancy, no matter it is day or night, the pituitary gland continuously secretes growth hormone, so babies before 1 year old grow very fast.
After young children, the secretion of growth hormone during the day is very small, and the secretion is mainly concentrated when sleeping at night.
There are two time periods that are important for growing tall-one is from 9 pm to 1 am the next day, especially around 10 pm, the secretion of growth hormone reaches the highest, which can reach 5-7 times during the day . In addition, there is a small peak of growth hormone secretion in the hour or two around 6 am.
However, it is not that the growth hormone begins to be secreted in large amounts on time at 9 o'clock in the evening. Its large amount of secretion must have a premise: it only occurs when you sleep deeply. If you have not gone to bed, or have been to bed but have not fallen asleep, or have fallen asleep but have not entered a deep sleep state, then its secretion volume will be greatly reduced.
So the later you go to sleep, the less growth hormone you secrete, the worse it is for your child's height.
And people generally enter into a deep sleep state from half an hour to 1 hour after falling asleep, so the recommendations of growth and development experts are:
If you want your child to grow tall, it is best to go to bed before 8:30 in the evening, not later than 9:30 at the latest, and get up after 7 in the morning.
Key Hormones and Their Chemical Properties
| Major hormones and their chemical properties | |||
| Secretion Parts | Hormone Name | Main targets Organ | Function |
| Next Qiu Brain | Thyroid-stimulating hormone Release Hormone (TRH) | Glandular Hanging Body | Promotethyroid hyperplasia of thyroid cells and hyperplasia promote spitanoid release of thyroid-stimulating hormones. Promotes the secretion of stomach fluid |
| Adrenal cortical stimulation Hormone release hormone (CRH) | Release of adrenal corticosteroids by increasing intracellular CAMP and Ca-promoting aphendalics | ||
| Gonadotropin Release Hormone (GnRH) | Promotes apitin synthesis and secretion of gonadotropins | ||
| Growth hormone release inhibiting hormones/growth inhibitors (GHRIH/SS) | Inhibition of GH secretion activity inhibits the secretion of TSH, FSH, LH, PRL, ACTH insulin, glucagon, renin, parathyroid intrifiaandroandand and calcite to inhibit the secretion of gastrointestinal movement and gastrointestinal hormones | ||
| Prolactin Release Factor (PRF) | Promotes the secretion of pituitary PRL | ||
| Prolactin release inhibitory hormone (PIH) | |||
| Hessinotic (inline cells) hormone release factor (MRF) | Promotes the release of pituitary MSH | ||
| Hessinotic (inline cells) hormone release inhibitor (MIF) | Inhibits the release of pituitary MSH | ||
| Neural Pituitary | Vascular booster (VP)/anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) | Kidneys, Blood Vessels | Promotes the reabsorption of water by the kidneys' distant small tubes and collection tubes |
| Oxytocin (OXT) | Uterus, breast | 1,uterine contraction (delivery) and back position;2, milk;3,learning, memory and motherhood. | |
| Glandular Hanging Body | Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) | Thyroid | Promotes thyroid growth and development and the synthesis and release of thyroid hormones, and promotes fat mobilization within adipose tissue. |
| Adrenal corticosteroids (ACTH) | Adrenal | Accelerates the growth of adrenal cortical cells and promotes the synthesis and release of glucocorticoids. | |
| Folly Stimulator (FSH) | Sex Glandular | Female: Promotes the growth and development of follicles and stimulates the secretion of estrogen. Male: Stimulates the development of the testicular clotand and promotes sperm production (matchmaker). | |
| Lutein production (LH)/interstitial cell stimulator (ICSH) | Female: Promotes the maturation and ovulation of the follicles that have been played by FSH, stimulates the follicles that have been ovulated to produce the progesterone and cause it to secrete progesterone. Male: Stimulates the development of testosterone intertestomy cells and secretes testosterone (intersocytokine) | ||
| Growth Hormone (GH) | Bone Soft tissue | (1) Promotes growth (2) promotes metabolic action: protein synthesis fat decomposition oxidation can inhibit the intake of glucose in peripheral tissues and use to improve blood sugar levels also participate in the body's stress response | |
| Emulsion (PRL) | Breasts, etc. | Promotes breast growth and development, maintains lactation and initiates lactation, promotes progesterone production and progesterone secretion. High concentration inhibits the development of the ovaries, testes. | |
| Hessinocell hormone (MSH) | Melanin Cells | Promotes the production and diffusion of melanin in melanocytes, darkening skin tone. | |
| Pineal gland | Melatonin (MT) | Multiple organizations | Inhibits the activity of the glands, discolors the skin of fish and amphibians, regulates sleep and immune function, etc. |
| Armor Adenossis | The most percellularly stored and stored endocrine hormone in the body by thyroxine (T4/T3) | Body Organization | Heat production, promote protein synthesis, small intestine to glucose absorption promote saccharin decomposition inhibition synthesis promotes sugar isogenesis to strengthen the use of peripheral tissue to promote fat oxidation and decomposition to promote tissue differentiation growth and development and mature heart rate increases heart muscle contraction increases heart output |
| Thyroid C-cells | Calcium-reduced (CT) | Bone Kidney, etc. | Inhibition of bone-breaking bone-strengthening bone production reduces the reabsorption of the renal tube to Ca P Na Cl reduces blood calcium and blood phosphorus |
| 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 | Promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines. Promotes bone dissolution, promotes bone production and calcification as bone metabolism and renewal accelerates. Increased reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus in the kidney tube | ||
| Armor Side glands | Parathyroid hormone (PTH) | Promotes bone calcium dissolution into the bloodstream to raise blood calcium. Blood phosphorus reduction (1) The re-absorption of calcium by the kidney tube increases the excretion of urethra; Effect on the intestines (indirectly promotes the absorption of Ca2 plus Mg P). | |
| Thymus | thymosin | T lymphocytes | |
| Pancreatic Island | Insulin A cell Known as "storage hormone" | Multiple organizations | Promotes the use of glycogen synthesis (lowering blood sugar); |
| Glucagon B cell Also known as "mobilization hormone" | Liver, adipose tissue | Promotes glycogen decomposition of sugar isosomes (raising blood sugar), protein breakdown, inhibits synthesis, and promotes the breakdown of fat. | |
| Growth inhibitor (SS) D cell | Digestive organs | Side secretion reduces levels of glucagon and insulin. | |
| Pancreatic polypeptide(PP) PP（F）cell | Digestive organs | Reduce liver glycogen reserve, and inhibit gastrointestinal digestive function. | |
| On the kidneys. Glandular Quality | glucocorticoids (e.g. bundle-cortisol) | Multiple organizations | 5 increase (increase dysplasia, protein fat breakdown, stomach acid, RBC, platelet), 4 anti-inflammatory, allergic, immune rejection, shock; 3 minus (reduced lymphocytes, acidophiles, alkali-eating granulocytes); 1 strange (heart-to-heart obesity). The permissible effect of catecholamine |
| Saline corticosteroids (e.g. globular band - aldosterone) | Kidney, etc. | 1 Promotes the active reabsorption of the renal far-curve dyssotalline tube and the collection tube, while promoting the discharge of K and H,called "sodium-preserving potassium". 2.Reduce the discharge of Na plus in sweat, saliva, and stomach fluid. The permissible effect of catecholamine | |
| Adrenal Myelin | Adrenaline (E) | Many Organization | Increased excitability of the central nervous system keeps the body alert, breathing accelerates pulmonary ventilation increases metabolism (glycogen decomposition of blood sugar promotes glucose oxidation to accelerate fat breakdown oxidation |
| Norepinephrine (NA) | |||
| Testis | Androgens (Testosterone (T)) | Male reproductive organs and multiple tissues | 1 Promotes sperm production, 2 promotes the development of male reproductive organs, promotes and maintains second sexual traits, 3 causes sexual behavior in male animals, 4 promotes protein synthesis and bone growth, and 5 stimulates red blood cell production. |
| Inhibitors (ovaries can also be produced) | Adenopitado | Inhibitors mainly inhibit the secretion of FSH, and also inhibit the sperm cells in the testes. | |
| Ovarian Placenta | Estrogen (estradiol (E2), estradiol (E3)) | Female reproductive organs and a variety of organizations | 1 Promotes the development and maturation of female reproductive organs,2 promotes the growth of the mammary catheter system,3 promotes water salt retention,4 promotes cartilage calcification (osteoporosis),5 causes maternal and animal sexual activity. |
| Progesterone (P) | uterus, etc. | ||
| Placenta | Human fluffy membrane gonadhormone (hCG)) | Ovaries, etc. | |
| Pregnant horse serum gonadotropin (PMSG) | |||
| Gastrointestinal Wait, wait, wait | Gastric urins | Digestive organs, etc. | Promotes gastric acid, gastric protease, gastric fluid secretion. Makes the contraction of the claustrophobic muscle slows the emptying, promotes gastrointestinal movement, and the secretion of tryobiliary bile and small intestine fluid |
| Gallbladder shrinkine (CCK) (prototryin) | Promotes the secretion of the pancreatic coral clithes inhibition of gastric emptying to enhance the contraction of the helicosis to promote the release of insulin pancreatic growth inhibitors, such as gastric peptides | ||
| Pancreatic inactin (promoting pancreatitin) | Promotes pancreatic secretion | ||
| Atrial | Atrium Sodium Urine Peptide (ANP) | Kidneys, Blood Vessels | Make the kidney drain sodium increase vascular diastomy peripheral resistance, each effort output, heart rate, heart output are reduced |
| Renal | Erythrocytosin (EPO) | Bone marrow | |
| 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 （1,25-Dihydroxycholcalciferol）(1，25-(OH)2-D3) | small intestine, bone, Kidney, etc. | Promotes the absorption of calcium and phosphorus in the intestines. Promotes bone dissolution, promotes bone production and calcification as bone metabolism and renewal accelerates. Increases the reabsorption of calcium and phosphorus in the kidney tube. | |
| Body | Prostaglandin (PG) | Whole body tissue | Textbook P395 |
Growth Hormone Deficiency in a 23-Year-Old Vietnamese Man Presenting with Height of a 6-Year-Old
Some time ago, a 6-year-old Vietnamese child became famous because he was embraced by female underwear tycoon Michel Monet. More dramatic in the back, according to news reports, the child is actually 23 years old, is a Vietnamese real estate agent with a childish height, named Yu Danpa.
Yan Danpa uploaded his ID card photo on facebook, which clearly shows that he was born on April 12, 1993 and is only 23 years old this year. Yan Danpa did not explain why he was short, but people suspected that he may have hormone deficiency. The growth hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland leads to growth and development disorders and short stature. What is hormone deficiency? It actually made a 23-year-old adult man pause at the age of six. The growth and development of adolescents plays an important role in the influence of endocrine growth hormone (GH) on height. In the absence of growth hormone, children will develop slowly and have short stature, clinically known as growth hormone deficiency.
Growth hormone deficiency is more common in boys
Professor Shen Jie from the Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University, said that growth hormone deficiency is more common in boys. The body weight is often normal at birth, but growth rate slows down after 1-2 years of age, and stagnates in early childhood. The older the age, the more obvious it is.
Growth hormone deficiency has no effect on the intelligence of the child, but the child is generally slightly larger and rounder, with less hair and softer texture. The face is younger than the actual age, the chest is narrower, the hands and feet are smaller, and the teeth are later. In addition, most patients have hypogonadal hypoplasia, lack of secondary sexual characteristics, males show genital and pediatric similar, females show primary amenorrhea, breasts and buttocks are not developed.
Growth hormone deficiency is genetically related
It is understood that the incidence of growth hormone deficiency is mainly related to genetic factors, but other diseases can also lead to the occurrence of growth hormone deficiency, common pathogenic factors are: chromosomal abnormalities such as congenital stupid, meowing syndrome; There are also defects in congenital enzyme metabolism such as mucopolysaccharidosis and hepatic glycogen accumulation; in addition, skeletal diseases such as cartilage malnutrition, anti-vitamin D rickets; endocrine disorders, pituitary dwarfism, hypothyroidism, etc.
The best treatment for growth hormone deficiency is to inject growth hormone
Growth hormone deficiency is not an incurable disease. Currently, the best treatment is to inject growth hormone. Professor Liang Liyang from the Department of Pediatrics of Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University said that if the child is diagnosed with growth hormone deficiency in a regular hospital, the child will be injected with growth hormone, and the height of the child will quickly catch up with the normal child. But experts say that the use of injection growth hormone therapy to promote children's height is only suitable for young children, not for adults. Regrettably, the 23-year-old man has grown into an adult and missed the best treatment opportunity. It is not appropriate to use growth hormone injection to promote height.
Extended knowledge:
In fact, not only children will develop growth hormone deficiency, but also adults with growth hormone deficiency. The study found that in addition to promoting the growth of adolescents, growth hormone also has an important impact on the metabolism of adults. Patients with growth hormone deficiency caused by postoperative pituitary adenoma, anterior pituitary dysfunction or other causes tend to be obese, abdominal fat accumulation, muscle volume reduction, fatigue, memory loss, osteoporosis and mood in adulthood. low. If you put the right amount of growth hormone treatment, you can correct the above symptoms, such as reducing abdominal fat accumulation, increasing body muscle content, and reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Moreover, long-term medication can also improve self-perception, improve mood, and thus improve the overall physical and mental health of patients.
Guidelines for the Use of Growth Hormone Therapy
Principles for the use of growth hormone
Growth hormone can promote growth, affecting glycolipid metabolism
Good doctor online: What types of short stature can be treated with growth hormone?
Professor Fan: According to the drug description, the most common and most important indication for growth hormone is the treatment for patients with growth hormone deficiency, which is also the best disease. This is followed by non-growth hormone deficiency, including idiopathic shortness, Turner syndrome due to lack of growth hormone or lack of growth hormone.
Good doctor online: What kind of therapeutic effect does growth hormone have?
Professor Fan: Growth hormone has two main functions. The first is to promote growth. For children, it is mainly to help them grow taller. Second, growth hormone can affect sugar and lipid metabolism. For example, patients with severe growth hormone deficiency will have elevated blood lipids, and a large amount of fat will accumulate in the abdomen and chest, affecting the appearance. After the medication, the blood lipids will return to normal, the abdominal fat accumulation will gradually disappear, and the person will become more slender and the muscles will be more developed.
Therefore, patients with growth hormone deficiency, even if they do not have high growth requirements in adulthood, it is recommended to use growth hormone in small doses under the guidance of a doctor. This is beneficial for improving metabolism and lifelong health.
For children with non-growth hormone deficiency, the purpose of medication is to promote their growth. Generally, the height is within the height range of a normal person, and the drug is stopped. For those whose height is in the normal and short range, but the increase is required, medical treatment is not recommended.
Common 4 types of adverse reactions
Good doctor online: What side effects or adverse reactions can occur with growth hormone?
Professor Fan: In general, if the drug is used strictly in accordance with the drug instructions and indications, growth hormone is a safer drug with fewer side effects or adverse reactions.
If side effects or adverse reactions occur after administration, it is mainly related to the dose of the drug. In normal people, growth hormone is the natural secretion of the body, enough for the growth of physical fitness. In the treatment of growth hormone deficiency, we use a small dose of replacement therapy, that is, how much to make up, and replace the normal physiological needs of the human body with drugs. This dose is basically safe. If used in the treatment of non-growth hormone deficiency, such as idiopathic short stature, Turner syndrome, etc., the dose is relatively large, or the medication is longer, the side effects will appear.
The most common side effect of growth hormone is elevated blood sugar. There are some diseases that cause excessive growth hormone in the body, such as giant disease and acromegaly, and there is a problem of abnormal glucose metabolism, which leads to an increase in blood sugar. When using growth hormone replacement therapy, if the drug dose is too large, it may cause abnormal glucose metabolism, and severe type 2 diabetes may occur. But there are individual differences that may be related to family history.
In the past, the second common side effect was local skin reactions, such as local itching, redness, and more common in some early drugs. But now, with the increasing purity of growth hormone preparations, the quality of domestic preparations is getting better and better. These local reactions are almost gone. Some children develop local pain after injection, which is mainly related to psychological factors and can be tolerated.
The third common side effect is pseudo-brain tumors. The child will have a headache, and the intracranial pressure will increase after the injection. These symptoms disappear after stopping the drug. For this situation, parents should be reminded to take the child to review regularly, and to go to the hospital in time for discomfort.
The fourth side effect is joint slippage. This is a very rare situation, mainly related to the acceleration of the child's growth after medication. Parents are more concerned about and valued. It also includes growth hormone that promotes cell proliferation and division, and may induce tumor or relapse. However, from the situation in our hospital and a large number of international statistics, the incidence of cancer is not significantly increased by the use of growth hormone.
In addition, some children may experience physical pain due to accelerated growth, especially in the afternoon. We call it growth pain, which is normal. We have also encountered some children in the clinic and found some curvature of the spine. Our analysis found that these children had less obvious congenital malformations and scoliosis before the injection of growth hormone. However, the doctor did not check carefully before treatment. As the height increased, this problem was highlighted, and parents noticed it as a side effect of the drug. In fact, the two have nothing to do with it.
Good doctor online: Adverse reactions and side effects of growth hormone, are there individual differences?
Professor Fan: Yes. All drug reactions are first related to the drug itself, and then to individual differences. We ask doctors to make a record before using angtropin growth hormone, carefully check whether the child has scoliosis, etc., and do a basic routine biochemical examination. And considering the difference between the group and the individual, everyone has the risk of having a tumor, and the child should be properly examined to understand the family history of the disease.
Professor Fan: The examination includes preventive testing and etiological testing. Prophylactic tests include basic hematuria, liver and kidney function, blood sugar, lack of pituitary hormones, and detection of tumor markers (can remind tumors). Some children develop hematuria or proteinuria when they use growth hormone. If the basic examination is not done in advance, the doctor can't tell whether the patient already has the underlying disease or the adverse reaction caused by the medication.
Etiological testing involves performing a magnetic resonance of the pituitary when necessary. Some growth hormone deficiency is caused by pituitary dysplasia or pituitary growth hormone deficiency caused by tumor compression in rare cases. This can be found by magnetic resonance.
Good doctor online: How long does it take to review the process of injecting growth hormone, including which items?
Professor Fan: Most of the diseases treated with growth hormone are not temporary diseases. In other words, it does not have the same stage as a cold, and it can be cured in a few days or weeks, often requiring long-term treatment. This also requires regular review and follow-up.
In general, we require a routine examination in the first month after growth hormone, and then review it every three months. The examination has two purposes. The first one is to see the curative effect. After the medication, the child's physical development and long-term changes are monitored. The second is to monitor whether the test results show adverse reactions or side effects.
Good doctor online: If the child has a pseudo-headache or other brain symptoms, or in the daily review, but also check the magnetic resonance?
Professor Fan: Generally not needed. This diagnosis is mostly one-time, mainly used to observe the development of the pituitary gland to determine whether there are intracranial congenital malformations and pituitary development, or to exclude pituitary abnormalities caused by secondary tumor compression and intracranial hemorrhage. And the child has already had magnetic resonance before taking the drug, and it is not necessary to repeat it after the diagnosis.
Moreover, pseudo-headaches or pseudo-brain tumors are known side effects of drugs. We will give the child a week of withdrawal, and if the symptoms are fully recovered, it is a drug problem. Most children stop taking the drug for a while, and most of them can continue treatment without a second headache.
Have adverse reactions with growth hormone
Good doctor online: Is it because the child has an adverse reaction after taking the drug? First, it is recommended to stop the drug for a period of time. If the symptoms disappear, it means that it is related to the drug?
Professor Fan: Right. Parents should read the drug instructions carefully before giving them medication. If there is an adverse reaction after administration, check the drug instructions, and there are tips.
For some small, common adverse reactions, you can stop taking the drug. If the blood sugar rises, you can stop taking the medicine to see the recovery of blood sugar. Before using the drug, special emphasis is placed on understanding whether there is a family history of diabetes or oncology. We must tell parents that if there are these situations in the family, we must be cautious in the course of medication and insist on regular review. Can not be used in the process of growth hormone, half a year or a year is not reviewed, this is irresponsible for children.
Good doctor online: How long is it appropriate to stop taking medicine?
Professor Fan: This varies from person to person and varies from symptom to symptom. It is recommended that all withdrawals and recovery medications should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor. Parents should not make assertions.