Description: JANUVIA 100mg tablets contain the active ingredient Sitagliptin, manufactured by MSD. Sitagliptin belongs to a class of medications known as dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4) inhibitors. It is used primarily to manage blood sugar levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, helping to improve glycemic control when used in combination with diet and exercise.
Indications: JANUVIA 100mg is indicated for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults. It is prescribed as monotherapy (when metformin is not tolerated) or in combination with other antidiabetic medications such as metformin, sulfonylureas, or insulin. Sitagliptin works by increasing the levels of incretin hormones in the body, which stimulate insulin release and inhibit the release of glucagon after meals, thereby reducing blood sugar levels.
Mechanism of Action: Sitagliptin inhibits the enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), which is responsible for the rapid breakdown of incretin hormones such as glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP). By inhibiting DPP-4, Sitagliptin prolongs the action of these incretin hormones, leading to increased insulin secretion and decreased glucagon levels, resulting in improved glucose control.
Administration: JANUVIA 100mg tablets are taken orally, typically once daily, with or without food. The tablets should be swallowed whole with a full glass of water. It is important to follow the dosage instructions provided by the healthcare provider to achieve optimal blood sugar control.
Dosage and Treatment Plan: The recommended dosage of JANUVIA 100mg is 100 mg once daily. The dosage may be adjusted based on the patient’s renal function, other antidiabetic medications being used, and individual response to treatment. Regular monitoring of blood glucose levels is essential to assess the effectiveness of therapy and make any necessary adjustments.
Side Effects: Common side effects of JANUVIA may include upper respiratory tract infections, headache, nasopharyngitis (inflammation of the nose and throat), and gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and diarrhea. Rare but serious side effects can include pancreatitis, allergic reactions, and severe joint pain. Patients should seek medical attention if they experience any unusual symptoms.
Precautions:
- JANUVIA should not be used in patients with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis.
- It should be used with caution in patients with a history of pancreatitis, kidney disease, or severe gastrointestinal disorders.
- Sitagliptin may interact with certain medications, so it is important to inform the healthcare provider about all current medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements.
Consultation with a Healthcare Provider: Before starting treatment with JANUVIA 100mg, individuals should consult with a healthcare provider or endocrinologist to determine the appropriate dosage and treatment plan. Regular follow-up visits are important to monitor blood glucose levels, assess the response to therapy, and manage any potential side effects or complications of diabetes.
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