Description:
Concerta 36mg is a central nervous system (CNS) stimulant medication used primarily for the treatment of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) in children, adolescents, and adults. The active substance, methylphenidate hydrochloride, is formulated in an extended-release tablet that provides a controlled release of medication throughout the day, helping to improve focus, attention, and impulse control.
Indications:
Concerta is indicated for the treatment of ADHD, characterized by symptoms such as:
- Difficulty sustaining attention
- Hyperactivity
- Impulsivity
It is used as part of a comprehensive treatment program that may include psychological, educational, and social measures.
Mechanism of Action:
Methylphenidate works by blocking the reuptake of norepinephrine and dopamine into presynaptic neurons and increasing the release of these monoamines into the extraneuronal space. This action helps increase attention and decrease impulsiveness and hyperactivity in patients with ADHD.
Dosage and Administration:
- Starting Dose: For patients new to methylphenidate, the typical starting dose is 18mg once daily in the morning. Dosage may be adjusted in increments of 18mg at weekly intervals.
- Typical Dose Range: 18mg to 72mg once daily, depending on the patient’s response and tolerability.
- Administration: Concerta should be taken once daily in the morning with or without food. The tablets must be swallowed whole with water and should not be chewed, crushed, or divided.
Contraindications:
- Hypersensitivity to methylphenidate or any other components of the product
- Glaucoma
- Pheochromocytoma
- During or within 14 days following monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) treatment
- Severe anxiety, tension, or agitation
Warnings and Precautions:
- Cardiovascular Events: Monitor for changes in heart rate and blood pressure. Use with caution in patients with pre-existing cardiac conditions.
- Psychiatric Adverse Events: Monitor for exacerbation of pre-existing psychiatric disorders or emergence of new psychiatric symptoms.
- Growth Suppression: Monitor growth in children and adolescents during treatment.
- Potential for Abuse: Methylphenidate has a high potential for abuse and dependence. Monitor for signs of misuse, abuse, or addiction.
Side Effects:
Common side effects may include:
- Insomnia
- Decreased appetite
- Headache
- Dry mouth
- Nausea
- Anxiety
- Dizziness
Serious but rare side effects include:
- Cardiovascular events (e.g., tachycardia, hypertension, sudden death in patients with underlying heart problems)
- Psychiatric symptoms (e.g., hallucinations, mania, aggressive behavior)
- Growth suppression in children and adolescents
Drug Interactions:
Concerta may interact with:
- Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)
- Antihypertensive medications
- Antidepressants
- Anticonvulsants
- Anticoagulants
Storage:
Store Concerta tablets at room temperature, between 20°C to 25°C (68°F to 77°F), away from moisture, heat, and light. Keep out of reach of children.
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